Eo nomine (Latin for "by name") is a classification principle holding that a tariff provision describing an article by name covers all forms of that article, unless the language is limited by use or other restriction.
For example, "Refrigerators" eo nomine in heading 8418 covers any refrigerator, regardless of intended use (household, commercial, scientific). Compare this to a principal use provision, which classifies goods based on the use of articles of that class or kind.
Under longstanding court precedent (including Carl Zeiss, Inc. v. United States), an eo nomine provision generally prevails over a competing use-based provision unless context demands otherwise — this is the so-called "rule of relative specificity" in GRI 3(a).
Recognizing whether a provision is eo nomine or use-based is fundamental to correct classification and is often the deciding factor in tariff disputes.